NCI investigators formed the Female Lung Cancer Consortium in Asia to conduct studies of the genetic and environmental determinants of lung cancer among women in Eastern Asia, including centers in Mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, Japan, and Korea. An initial GWAS of more than 6,000 never-smoking female cases identified three unique gene regions as well as an interaction with environmental tobacco smoke and was recently reported in Nature Genetics. Ongoing efforts include studying genetic determinants of EGFR mutation positive tumors and occupational and environmental contributions including indoor and outdoor air pollution to lung cancer among never-smoking females.