More adolescents and young adults (AYA) die from cancer than from any other disease. Unfortunately, while survival rates in other groups of cancer patients have improved significantly, cancer survival rates in AYA have not kept pace. So far, studies examining how to improve AYA survival rates have been limited. Some studies have only looked at AYA who were treated in specialized hospitals, ignoring AYA treated in community hospitals. Other studies have not been able to access the detailed patient and treatment information necessary to understand the problem in depth. In order to overcome these limitations and improve AYA cancer care and survival, two major initiatives are currently underway, one in Ontario and the other in Australia. Each research team is collecting detailed patient, disease and treatment information on every AYA with cancer in their jurisdiction. The existence of both of these initiatives represents a unique opportunity in AYA cancer research. We plan to hold a two-day meeting bringing together the leaders of each of these initiatives in Melbourne, Australia, where the Australian research team is based. During this meeting, we will plan future studies combining the data collected by each of these initiatives in order to identify which treatments and health policies lead to the best results for AYA with cancer. The meeting will also result in the creation of a Canadian-Australian network of researchers focused on AYA with cancer that will carry out these studies and that will quickly communicate their results to other researchers, patient representatives and health policymakers.