Background: this project is being developed to strengthen country adolescent immunization programs and health systems in the African Region using HPV vaccine as a case study, with an overall objective of promoting successful and effective introduction of HPV vaccine to improve both country and regional capacity. The project recognizes that although not all countries in the world have strong and functional vaccination for adolescents in their national routine immunization schedules, the African region is the worst performing. In addition, a recent survey by UNICEF and WHO revealed that most countries with a school-based immunization approach deliver TT (tetanus)-containing vaccines, and (less) polio and measles-containing vaccines. Among developing countries, very few countries have functional adolescent vaccination programs. Practically all vaccinations given are boosters (the majority being tetanus and diphtheria) as opposed to primary series, and catch-up vaccination is mostly neglected. Where an adolescent vaccination program is existent, the coverage data for this age group is often unknown. We believe that the spin-offs of this project would be to: a) revitalize school-based health programs which have now collapsed in the African region; b) strengthen school-based health programs as delivery platforms of adolescent immunization services and other health intervention packages in the African region; and c) lay the platform for future adolescent vaccination programs such as HIV vaccination when the vaccine becomes available; d) establish a network that will stimulate interest and promote incorporation of the HPV vaccine into national immunization programs. . This project was identified by RTI International for their own research purposes and some fields do not align with The GO Map categories. End dates were estimated as one year after the start date. The Project Type "Research, Clinical" may not accurately describe this project's focus but was used for all RTI International's Global Noncommunicable Diseases Initiative projects added in June 2018. Specialties were not analyzed. All project funding was valued in 2015 USD.